Clumper or Runner: Runner

Height / diameter / Internode: 4-6 m / 2.5-5cm / 5-30 cm

Color / Leaf length / Branch: Yellow-brown culms / 25 cm, glossy deep-green, palm-like leaves / Branches 2 per node

Potted/Garden/Commercial:   Garden / Commercial

Minimum Temperatures / Climate: -20°C, frost tolerant, but it does not like periods of prolonged cold / Temperate to sub-tropical climates

Water needed yearly / Altitude / soil:  1 000 – 2 000 mm / 0 – 2 000 m / well-drained, consistently moist, not tolerate waterlogged, loam soil / pH 6.0- 7.0

Uses: Excellent screen or container plant, trellises, decorative garden elements, baskets, household items, edible shoots.

Clumper or Runner: Runner

Height / diameter / Internode: 4-10 m / 3-4 cm / 20 – 45 cm

Color / Leaf length / Branch: Evergreen, tall and stately, branches and leaves growing closely up the whole length of the culm / 20cm cm / 3 branches per node

Potted/Garden/Commercial:   Garden / Commercial

Minimum Temperatures / Climate: -10°C but it does not like periods of prolonged cold / Semi-tropical

Water needed yearly / Altitude / soil / pH :  1 500-4 000 mm / 0 – 2 000 m / Hardy to salt air in ocean environments / Clay, Dry , Well Drained, Soggy ,Damp /  pH 6.0 – 7.0

Uses: Crafts/building material, decorative/horticultural interest, edible shoots, erosion control/soil stabilization, open grove, privacy screen/hedge.

Clumper or Runner: Runner

Height / diameter / Internode: 4 – 10 m / 3.5 cm / 25 – 30 cm

Color / Leaf length / Branch: Evergreen with tall, upright, polished black canes / 8 cm x 1.3 cm / 2 leafy branches at each node

Potted/Garden/Commercial:   Garden / Commercial

Minimum Temperatures / Climate: -20°C – -10°C but it does not like periods of prolonged cold / Does not tolerate wind

Water needed yearly / Altitude / soil / pH :  700 – 4 500 mm / 0 – 2 000 m / Fertile, humus-rich, moist but well-drained soils / pH 6.0 – 7.0

Uses: Lumber (timber), food, and musical instruments, medicine.